What are our duties towards our Muslim brothers who have been stricken by calamities and disasters throughout the world?

Does falling into sin indicate that there is something wrong with one's 'aqeedah (belief system)?

A Muslim woman swore that she would not speak to another Muslim woman because of a dispute that had arisen between them. Then the other woman sent her several text messages, repeatedly, so the first woman responded by a text message. Now the first woman is asking: do I have to offer expiation for breaking an oath or not? What should I do if I want to talk to her again?.

I am from Egypt, and I went to Jeddah for work during Hajj season. After spending twenty days in Jeddah my work ended, and I was given permission to do Hajj, so I intended to do Hajj from that time, and I entered ihram for ‘Umrah from Jeddah, intending to do Hajj tamattu‘ (in which one enters ihram for ‘Umrah, exits ihram after ‘Umrah, then enters ihram again for Hajj on 8th Dhu’l-Hijjah). Is this correct, or do I have to go back to the miqaat of the people of Egypt?

Some times when i wake up in the morning, i find some wet coming out. Please don't take it as a wet dream, or urine, becuase the sticky stuff comes out usually just after i have woken up in the morning. Most of the days i have to wash my under wear just becasue of that, and sometimes i wash my pants too.

I read it somewhere that if its not semen, just that sticky stuff than we don't need to perform ghusl, and only wuzu is enough to offer prayers. If it is then what about the clothes?. The same stuff comes out during some salacious situations also, though i try to stay away from all that kind of stuff.

What is customary is for us to say “Blessings and peace of Allah be upon him (sall Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam)” specifically for our Prophet Muhammad (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him); is it permissible to offer this supplication with this wording for other Prophets? Who are the only ones for whom the following phrases are to be used: may Allah be pleased with him (radiya Allahu ‘anhu), may Allah have mercy on him (rahimahu Allah), may Allah keep him safe (sallamahu Allah)? Is it permissible to offer supplication for a great scholar who strove all his life to call people to Allah and His Messenger, such as Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz and other, similar contemporary scholars, when they die, by saying “may Allah be pleased with him” or “peace be upon him”?

My question deals with a friend of mine who was ignorantly joking. When my friend was teased by another friend he ignorantly picked up his phone out of joking and said I have to tell Allah. Then he said on the phone "Hello, Allah" as to tell Allah. I know this is incorrect but is this shirk?

Can a muslim pray for his non-mulsim mother who has passed away?

I would like to know the proper way to make du’aa’ during prayer, as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did it. Is it after the prayer or between the two prostrations or whilst standing or when?.

What is sincerity, and what are the benefits of sincerity?