What are our duties towards our Muslim brothers who have been stricken by calamities and disasters throughout the world?

I forgot that I did not have wudoo' and I prayed. After I finished my prayer, I remembered that. Do I have to repeat my prayer?

A very common problem seen in youth in western countries is that their parents allow them to indulge in some form of haram in the hope that will stop them from committing worse haram. An example of this is that parents will say that they allow their children to indulge in music in the hope that will stop them from going out with bad people or leaving their home all together. Parents are afraid that if they enforce the law of Allah in their homes, that their children will leave. 

What is Islam's position on this sort of compromise? Some parents also say that they only have the duty to tell their children something is haram, and then their children have to choose for themselves because they are already young adults (i.e. 13 -18 years old and unmarried, living at home). Don't the parents have to forbid haram by all means, or do they just say that is haram and then leave them be? To what extent do parents have to go to forbid their children from haram?

Parents also believe that once their children reach the age of puberty they are no longer responsible for their sins or actions, and so say they will have no sin if they advise their children something is haram and then leave them. Is this true? Or do parents always have the responsibility of forbidding their children from haram, and will they be responsible if they see their children doing haram and just leave them after advising them?

How can we help a child to know his Lord?

I read the words: "The scholars are unanimously agreed that fatwas may change according to time, place, local custom and situation so it is essential to take new developments into account". But I am not convinced of this. Is this view correct? I hope that you can answer with evidence from shareeطah and the Sunnah. May Allah reward you with good.

If a non-Muslim visitor comes and lives in your home for a few days is it permissible that the Muslim host allows him/her to perform their prayers and rituals according to their own religion? Will the Muslim host be considered a sinner in this case as some of the prayers and rituals of other religions may not conform to Islamic beliefs?

Respected scholars, As-Salamu `Alaykum. I have asked this question of many scholars but no one has been able to give me a satisfactory answer. I hope you can clarify it for me. I know that man has to go through a lot of problems and afflictions throughout his life. Now these sufferings could be a punishment from God or it could be that God wants to test his faith and raise his ranks in the Hereafter. But how can we tell the difference between punishment from God or tests and trials by God? Jazakum Allahu Khayran.

Is it allowed to open unnecessary talk after prayer's Iqamat before the Imam begins to pray?

On some trips there is a Qur'aan reading program, and they divide the people into separate circles (halaqahs) and someone who reads Qur'aan well to correct any mistakes. Is there anything wrong with this?

Is repentance from a particular sin acceptable while I am a victim of another?