Ruling on zakaat al-fitr and how much is to be paid
Q:
Is the hadeeth "The fast of Ramadaan will not be taken up [to
Allaah] until zakaat al-fitr is paid" saheeh?
If the fasting Muslim is in need and does not possess the threshold
(nisaab) of zakaah, is he obliged to pay zakaat al-fitr because of
the soundness of this hadeeth or other saheeh shar'i evidence that
is proven in the Sunnah?.
A: Praise be to
Allaah.
Sadaqat al-fitr is obligatory upon every Muslim who is
self-supporting, if he has one saa' or more than he needs of food
for himself and his family on the day and night of Eid.
The basis for that is the report narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may
Allaah be pleased with him) who said: "The Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) enjoined zakaat
al-fitr, a saa' of dates, or a saa' of barley, upon all the
Muslims, slave and free, male and female, young and old, and he
commanded that it be paid before the people went out to pray."
[Agreed upon; this version was narrated by al-Bukhaari].
And Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri narrated: "We used to pay zakaat al-fitr
when the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) was alive, a saa' of food or a saa' of dates or a saa' of
barley or a saa' of raisins or a saa' of dried yoghurt." [Agreed
upon].
It is acceptable to give a saa' of the local staple food such as
rice etc.
What is meant by a saa' here is the saa' of the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), which is four times
the amount that may be held in the two hands of a man of average
build. If a person does not pay zakaat al-fitr, he is sinning, and
he has to make it up.
With regard to the hadeeth mentioned, we do not know whether it is
saheeh or not.
We ask Allaah to give you strength and to make our words and deeds
and yours righteous.
And Allaah is the Source if strength.
Standing Committee for Academic
Research and Issuing Fatwas, 9/364
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