To You Be Your Celebrations, And To Me Mine
Muhammad al-Jibaly
This article is meant to present, based on the Qur’aan and the authentic Sunnah, guidelines for evaluating holidays and other related practices. This should enable one to reach a quick and sound conclusion when faced with such events.
- Categories: Prohibited Deeds -
In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful
Introduction
Alamdu li 'Llaah. Indeed, all glory and praise is due to Allaah. We glorify and praise Him and we ask Him for help and forgiveness. In Allaah we seek refuge from the evils in ourselves and from our wrong doings. He whom Allaah guides shall not be misguided, and he whom He misguides shall never be guided. I bear witness that there is no [true] god except Allaah, alone without any partners, and I bear witness that Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam is His Abd (Devoted servant and worshipper) and Messenger. Verily, the best words are those of Allaah ta'ala; the best guidance is that of Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam; the worst matters [in creed or worships] are those innovated [by people], for every such innovated matter is a bid'ah (Innovation in the creed or in acts of worship), and every bid'ah is a misguidance which shall reside in the Fire (The foregoing paragraphs are a translation of Khutbat ul-Haajah (the Sermon of Need) with which the Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam used to start his speeches and which he was keen to teach his companions).
To many people, celebrating Eids (Holidays and other recurring events) is a non-religious matter, and one has the choice to participate in celebrating any Eid, for any nation or religion, as long as that does not involve engaging in haraam (prohibited) actions. This view is the basis for what we witness repeatedly of Muslims engaging in various celebrations and in sharing in the holidays of other nations. This article is meant to present, based on the Qur’aan and the authentic Sunnah, guidelines for evaluating holidays and other related practices. This should enable one to reach a quick and sound conclusion when faced with such events.
Completeness of the Deen (The religion of Islaam practised as a complete way of life)
By Allaah's blessing and mercy, Islaam is complete, perfect, and universal in nature. Allaah ta'ala said (what means): {This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.} [Al-Ma’idah 5:3]
{الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا} المائدة: 3
Transliteration: alyawma akmaltu lakum deenakum waatmamtu AAalaykum niAAmatee waradeetu lakumu alislama deenan
It is narrated by Muslim that some mushrikoon (idol worshipers) tried to mock of Islaam by saying, "It seems as if your prophet has taught you everything, even how to defecate!" When Salmaan radiallaahu 'anhu heard this he responded with the strong dignity of a true believer: "Yes indeed! He prohibited us from turning our faces or backs to the Qiblah (The Direction (of Al-Ka'bah) faced by Muslims in prayer) when defecating or urinating, from using the right hand to cleanse ourselves, from using less than three stones to cleanse ourselves [in the absence of water], and from using animal waste or bones to cleanse with."
«قد علمكم نبيكم صلى الله عليه وسلم كل شيء. حتى الخراءة. قال، فقال: أجل. لقد نهانا أن نستقبل القبلة لغائط أو بول. أو أن نستنجي باليمين. أو أن نستنجي بأقل من ثلاثة أحجار. أو أن نستنجي برجيع أو بعظم» رواه مسلم
Allaah's mercy has required that people be informed of all what would save them from the Fire and what would let them into the Gardens of the Hereafter. This was the mission of all prophets, as declared by Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam: “There was never any prophet before me but that his duty was to reveal to his people what he knew to be best for them, and to warn them of what he knew to be evil for them…” [Narrated by Muslim]
«إنه لم يكن نبي قبلي إلا كان حقا عليه أن يدل أمته على خير ما يعلمه لهم ، وينذرهم شر ما يعلمه لهم...» رواه مسلم
And this was certainly the mission of the Final Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam as he said: “Nothing of what would bring you closer to the Jannah (Gardens of Paradise) and further away from the Fire but have been clarified [through me] to you.” [Al-Albany reported it with an authentic chain of transmission].
«ما تركت من شيء يقربكم إلى الجنة إلا وقد حدثتكم به ، ولا تركت من شيء يبعدكم عن النار إلا وقد حدثتكم به» الألباني، إسناده صحيح
With His encompassing Wisdom, Allaah ta'ala made His Final Revelation, Islaam, a universal message meant for all peoples, at all times, without any distinction: {We have not sent you [Muhammad] otherwise than to mankind at large, to be a herald of glad tidings and a warner.} [Saba 34:28]
{وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا كَافَّةً لِّلنَّاسِ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا...} سبأ: 28
Transliteration: Wama arsalnaka illa kaffatan lilnnasi basheeran wanatheeran
Furthermore, this most important Message is preserved intact through the centuries, as is clearly observed today by any impartial examiner. This is in fulfillment of Allaah's promise: {It is We Ourselves who have sent down the dthikr (the Message), and it is We who shall surely guard it [from corruption].} [Al-Hijr 15:9]
{إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ} الحجر: 9
Transliteration: Inna nahnu nazzalna alththikra wainnalahu lahafithoona
We conclude then that:
1. Islaam contains the complete and perfect guidance for humanity.
2. Islaam did not neglect any information that would be needed by people to reach happiness and to avoid harm, in all matters, whether minute or large.
3. Islaam is the only guidance tailored for all peoples at all times.
4. Islaam has been preserved, and will remain intact through the ages, as the only true guidance capable of helping and saving people.
Completing That Which Had Been Completed?
The completeness of Islaam obviously means that it cannot be completed further. Whether people realize it or not, believing otherwise would imply one or more of the following dangerous conclusions:
1. That Allaah ta'ala was not truthful in declaring this completeness (I seek refuge in Allaah from such a blasphemous thought.)
2. That Allaah ta'ala has forgotten or missed some details needed to complete the Deen (again, I seek refuge in Allaah from such a blasphemous thought.)
3. That Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam has neglected or forgotten to convey to us some matters needed to complete the Deen (and again, I seek refuge in Allaah from such a blasphemous thought.)
This shows why Islaam warned so strongly against introducing bid'ahs into the Deen. We have cited in the Introduction above the Prophet's sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam words warning of bid'ahs. Imaam Maalik radiallaahu 'anhu said, “Whoever innovates in Islaam what he believes to be a good bid'ah would be [implicitly] claiming that Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam has betrayed the trust (of delivering the full Message) He then recited the above aayah (A portion of the Qur'aan which is usually about one sentence long) from al-Maaidah.”
Distinct Muslim Identity - Is there a Choice?
To some people, the universality of Islaam means that Muslims have the full choice to resemble and behave in coherence with other people in their localities (or in other locations as well). You continue to hear questions like the following: Is it all that important for a Muslim to have a clear distinctive identity? Is it not sufficient to have a strong belief within the heart and to perform Islaam fully but privately? Based on simple Islaamic principles, we can immediately conclude that the answer to the first question is, simply, yes! And the answer to the second question is, simply, no! A true Muslim is always eager to associate with his fellow believers: {And whoever contradicts and opposes the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) after the right path has been shown clearly to him, and follows other than the believers' way. We shall keep him in the path he has chosen, and burn him in Hell - what an evil destination.} [An-Nisaa 4:115].
{وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ ۖ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا} النساء: 115
Transliteration: Waman yushaqiqi alrrasoola min baAAdi ma tabayyana lahu alhuda wayattabiAA ghayra sabeeli almumineena nuwallihi ma tawalla wanuslihi jahannama wasaat maseeran
And a true Muslim is very anxious to be distinctive and different from the non-believers. This attitude follows from the repeated instructions of the Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam: “The Jews and the Christians do not dye, be different from them and dye.” [Authenticated by Al-Albani],
«إن اليهود والنصارى، لا تصبغ، فخالفوا عليهم فاصبغوا» صححه الألباني
“Be different from the disbelievers” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim],
«خالفوا المشركين» متفق عليه
And: “Whoever imitates a people is one of them.” [Narrated by Ahmad with an authentic chain of transmission]
«ومن تشبه بقوم فهو منهم» رواه الإمام أحمد، إسناده صحيح
Why is it so important to be distinctive and different from the disbelievers? For the following reasons:
1. We Muslims are blessed with the best guidance. The Guidance from the Lord of lords, from Allaah ta'ala. This gives us true dignity and pride that no one else has a claim to: {Honor belongs to Allaah, to the Messenger, and to the Believers.} [Al- Munaafiqoon 63:8]
{...وَلِلَّـهِ الْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ...} المنافقون: 8
Transliteration: walillahi alAAizzatu walirasoolihi walilmumineena
2. The disbelievers are misguided, and their ways are based on sick or deviant views concerning their societies, the universe, and their very existence. Their actions frequently reflect their deviant opinions. Why then would anyone ever think of imitating them? Yet Muslims sometimes do just that - they imitate them in their most unintelligible acts! The Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam: “You [Muslims] will [in future times] follow the ways of those [disbelieving] nations who preceded you very closely; even if they enter into the hole of a lizard you would follow them into it.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
«لتتبعن سنن من كان قبلكم، شبرا بشبر وذراعا بذراع، حتى لو دخلوا جحر ضب تبعتموهم. قلنا: يا رسول الله، اليهود والنصارى؟ قال: فمن» متفق عليه
3. There is a substantial amount of evidence in Islaam leading to the important rule: external agreement or similarity results in real similarity and agreement of the hearts. Thus, resembling disbelievers is Satan's first step in leading Muslims to behave and believe like the kuffaar (Those who reject Islam - disbelievers). Differing from the kuffaar is of different levels or types, some of which are more important than others. They can be broadly classified as follows: Islaam requires us to be different from non-Muslims in matters which are particular to their beliefs or worships, such as: wearing a cross, attending their religious services, wearing monks' attires, displaying or valuing their idols, etc. Imitating the kuffaar in such matters constitutes a major sin which is most possibly a form of disbelief that leads to permanent abode in the Hell Fire (may Allaah ta'ala save us).
Islaam requires us to be different from the kuffaar in matters which are representative of them or are characteristic of their identity, even if the religious aspect were not apparent in such matters. Examples of this type of requirements: growing beards and trimming moustaches, dying white hair, not to totally abandon women in their menses, etc.
Matters which can be classified under the above two types should be treated similarly, even if there is no specific text to require such treatment. Examples: wearing the Western hat or wedding bands, carrying pictures of family members, walking dogs, wasting time in watching sports games and soap operas, etc.
As for other matters which are done by the kuffaar but are not specific to them, the above texts inform us that we should still try to be distinctive from them as much as possible. What is stated above should not be taken to mean, for instance, that we should not learn the sciences or use technology because the kuffaar are currently its leaders. Islaam requires us to learn and benefit from such forms knowledge, and this does not have to do with the subject of being different from the disbelievers.
Holidays Are Part of the Complete Deen
After the above lengthy discussion which, as stated earlier, is meant to provide general guidelines concerning celebrations and other related matters, we come back to apply what we have learnt so far to the subject at hand.
Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam once saw the Ansaar celebrating a certain day. He inquired about that and was informed: This is one of two days that we used to celebrate in Jaahiliyyah (pre-Islaamic ignorance) and we continue to do so. He replied: Nay! Allaah has substituted for you two better days: the day of al-Fitr and the day of al-Adhhaa. [Authenticated by Al-Albani; narrated by Ahmad, an-Nasaaee, and others]
«كان لأهل الجاهلية يومان في كل سنة يلعبون فيها فلما قدم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المدينة، قال: كان لكم يومان تلعبون فيهما، وقد أبدلكم الله بهما خيرا منهما، يوم الفطر، ويوم الأضحى» رواه الإمام أحمد والنسائي وغيرهم، وصححه الألباني
In addition to these two days, the Jumu'ah (Friday) is an Eid day. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam said: “This is a day which Allaah has designated as an Eid for Muslims.” [Authenticated by Al-Albani]
«إن هذا يوم جعله الله عيدا» صححه الألباني
From this and the previous hadeeth, we conclude that Muslims have only three eid days, a weekly eid every Friday, and two annual eids, al-Fitr and al-Adhhaa.
Also, Islaam instructs us as to how to celebrate our Eids. No fasting is allowed on these days (Friday is excepted under certain conditions). On eid days, Muslims take a bath and wear their best clothes. They avoid all forms of sinning which people tend to commit when they are in a state of rejoice. The major part of the celebration is not eating or drinking. Rather, it is a prayer which gathers Muslims together to remember Allaah's bounties and to chant His glory and greatness. It becomes clear then that Allaah alone has the right:
1. To prescribe eids and to set their dates, and
2. To prescribe the manner of celebrating them.
Imitating Non-Muslims in Celebrations
The evidence from the Qur'aan and the Sunnah is quite clear in that eids are distinctive features for every nation. Allaah ta'ala said (what means): { For every nation We have ordained religious ceremonies [e.g. slaughtering of the beast of cattle during the three days of stay at Mina (Makkah) during the Hajj (pilgrimage)} [Hajj 22 34-67]
{...كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنَا مَنسَكًا...} الحج: 67
Transliteration: Likulli ommatin jaAAalna mansakan
And it was shown in the previous section that eids are purely religious occasions for Muslims.
As discussed earlier, Allaah ta'ala and His Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam have warned us against following or imitating non-Muslims in things which are characteristic of their religions or beliefs. This is more emphasized in the case of their eids or occasions, which always hold some religious or ideological non-Islaamic meanings, and on which the kuffaar indulge in many evil practices. Differing from them on such occasions includes the following:
Staying completely away from the kuffaar's celebrations. This means to avoid places where they perform their holiday practices and to avoid participating with them in such practices (Christmas and New Year parties, Halloween trick-and-treat nonsense, Thanksgiving celebration and dinner, Fourth of July fireworks, First of April lies, birthday parties, anniversaries, etc).
Avoiding doing, ourselves, things which pertain to the practices of the kuffaar on such occasions (allowing Christmas trees in our homes or offices, inviting our friends to a Turkey dinner on Thanksgiving day, allowing members of our families to purchase or borrow Halloween attires, holding birthday or anniversary parties for our family members, etc). Avoiding to congratulate the kuffaar on their occasions. For, How can we bring ourselves to congratulate or wish people well for their disobedience to Allaah ta'ala? Thus expressions such as: happy Thanksgiving, happy birthday, happy New Year, etc, are completely out. The only possible happiness is in true imaan! Avoiding to celebrate our eids in a way which is meant to copy the ways of the kuffaar (mingling and shaking hands between men and women, improper cover for both genders, etc). Avoiding to initiate certain occasions or eids in imitation to theirs (the Day of the Earth, the Day of Iowa Muslims, etc.)
Bid'ahs and Sinning on Eids
It has been shown above that eids are meant to be purely Islaamic occasions and practices. They are not liable to the innovation or disobedience of people. The warnings concerning bid'ahs (and sinning in general) clearly applies to them. Thus:
Celebrating so called Islaamic occasions other than the three days prescribed by Allaah is a bid'ah which is rejected by Islaam, because it consists of introducing new rites and worships which only Allaah or His Messenger sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam have the right to do. This applies to occasions like the Prophet's Birthday, the Hijri New Year's Day, the Middle of Sha'baan and the like.
Introducing certain baseless practices during the three legitimate days is also a bid'ah. On these days, people choose, for instance, to visit graveyards and distribute sweets there, to read specific portions of the Qur’aan, to specify the preceding night for extended worship, and to do other things which have no valid evidence. Committing all sorts of innovations and sins in imitation to the kuffaar and the ignorant Muslims is obviously a combination of bid'ahs and other forms of disobedience which are emphasized by that people get involved in them at the time when they are supposed to be performing a purely religious worship.
Conclusion
To preserve our identity and our dignity, and to attain Allaah's love and acceptance (which means peace and happiness in this life and ultimate prosperity in the Hereafter), let us adhere to what pleases Him as he instructed in His Book or in His Messenger's Sunnah; and remember: eids and celebrations are no exception to that. We ask Allaah for guidance.
Courtesy Of: SunnahOnline.com
Dr. Muhammad al-Jibaly