Hajj of the Prophet

Hajj of the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) As it is narrated by Jabir IbnAbdullah (may Allah be pleased with him and his father too)

In the name of Allah the Most Gracious the Most Merciful

All praise is due to Allah alone. And prayers and peace of Allah be upon the last Prophet.

Muslim and others reported that Ja'far Ibn Muhammad narrated on the authority of his father: "We went to Jabir Ibn Abdullah (after he became blind) and I asked him to tell me about the Hajj of Allah's Messenger (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him). And he pointed with his hand nine, and then stated: 'The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) stayed in (Medina) for nine years but did not perform Hajj, then he made a public announcement in the tenth year to the effect that Allah's Messenger (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) was about to perform Hajj. A large number of people came to Medina and all of them were anxious to follow the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) and do according to his doing. We set out with him till we reached Dhul-Hulaifa. Asmaa Bint 'Umais gave birth to Muhammad Ibn Abu Bakr. She sent a message to the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) asking him: What should 1 do? He (the Prophet) said: Take a bath, bandage your private parts and put on Ihram.

The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) then prayed in the Masjid and then mounted al-Qaswa' (his she-camel) and it stood erect with him on its back at the desert. And I saw as far as I could see in front of me but riders and walkers, and also on my right and on my left and behind me like this. And the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) was prominent among us and the (revelation) of the Holy Qur'an was descending upon him. And it is he who knows (its true) significance. And whatever he did, we also did that.

He pronounced the Oneness of Allah (saying): Labbaika Allahumma Labbaik, Labbaika la sharika Laka labbaik, Inna-l-hamda wan-ni'mata Laka walmulk, La sharika Laka.

(Translation: "Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am. You have no partner. Here I am. Surely all praise, grace and dominion is yours, and you have no partner.")

And the people also pronounced this Talbiyah which they pronounce (today). The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) did not reject anything of it. But the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) adhered to his own Talbiyah.

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We did not have any other intention but that of Hajj only, being unaware of the 'Umra (at that season), but when we came with him to the House, he touched Ar-Rukn (i.e. black stone) and (made seven circuits) running three of them and walking four. And then going to the Maqam Ibrahim, he recited: {And take you (people) the Maqâm (place) of Ibrâhîm (Abraham) [or the stone on which Ibrâhîm (Abraham) stood while he was building the Ka'bah] as a place of prayer (for some of your prayers, e.g. two Rak'at after the Tawâf of the Ka'bahat Makkah)} (Surat Al-Baqarah: 125). And the Maqam was between him and the House.

My father said (and I do not know whether he had made a mention of it but that was from Allah's Messenger [prayers and peace of Allah be upon him]) that he recited in the two rakahs: {Say (O Muhammad): "He is Allâh, (the) One} and {Say: (O Muhammad to these Mushrikûn and Kâfirûn): "O Al-Kafirûn (disbelievers in Allâh, in His Oneness, in His Angels, in His Books, in His Messengers, in the Day of Resurrection, and in Al-Qadar)!}

He then returned to the pillar (i.e. the Black Stone) and kissed it. He then went out of the gate to As-Safa and as he reached near it he recited: {Verily! As-Safâ and Al-Marwah (two mountains in Makkah) are of the Symbols of Allâh} (Surat Al-Baqarah:158) I begin with what Allah (has commanded me) to begin. He first mounted As-Safa till he saw the House, and facing Qiblah he declared the Oneness of Allah and glorified Him, and said: "None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, alone, without partner. To Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is over all things omnipotent. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone. He fulfilled His promise, aided His Servant and single-handedly defeated the allies". He then made supplication in the course of saying such words three times. He then descended and walked towards Al-Marwah, and when his feet came down in the bottom of the valley, he ran, and when he began to ascend he walked till he reached Al-Marwah. There he did as he had done at As-Safa.

And when it was his last running at Al-Marwah he said: If I had known beforehand what I have come to know afterwards, I would not have brought sacrificial animals and would have performed a 'Umra. So, he who among you has not the sacrificial animals with him should put off Ihram and treat it as an 'Umra. Suraqa IbnMalik Ibn Ju'shom got up and said: O Messenger of Allah, does it apply to the present year, or does it apply forever? Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) intertwined the fingers (of one hand) into another and said twice: The Umra has become incorporated in the Hajj (adding): No, but for ever and ever.

Ali came from Yemen with the sacrificial animals for the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) and found Fatimah (Allah be pleased with her) to be one among those who had put off Ihram and had put on dyed clothes and had applied antimony. He showed disapproval to it, whereupon she said: My father has commanded me to do this. He (the narrator) said that Ali used to say in Iraq: I went to the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) showing annoyance at Fatimah for what she had done, and asked the (verdict) of Allah's Messenger (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) regarding what she had narrated from him, and told him that I was angry with her, whereupon he said: She has told the truth, she has told the truth. (Then the Prophet asked Ali) What did you say when you undertook to go for Hajj? I (Ali) said: O Allah, I am putting on Ihram for the same purpose as Your Messenger has put it on. He said: I have with me sacrificial animals, so do not put off the Ihram. He (Jabir) said: The total number of those sacrificial animals brought by Ali from Yemen and of those brought by the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) was one hundred. Then all people except the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) and those who had with them sacrificial animals, put off Ihram, and got their hair clipped.

When it was the day of Tarwiya (8th of Dhul-Hijja) they went to Mina and put on Ihram for Hajj and the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) rode and led Dhuhr, Asr, Maghreb, Isha and Fajr prayers. He then waited a little till the sun rose, and commanded that a tent of hair should be pitched at Namira. The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) then set out and Quraish did not doubt that he would halt at Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram (the sacred site) as Quraish used to do in the pre-Islamic period. The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him), however, passed on till he came to 'Arafa and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namira.

There he got down till the sun had passed the meridian; he commanded that al-Qaswa' should be brought and saddled for him. Then he came to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people saying: Verily your blood and your properties are as sacred and inviolable as the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours. Behold! Everything pertaining to the Days of Ignorance is under my feet completely abolished. Abolished are also the blood-revenges of the Days of Ignorance. The first claim of ours on blood-revenge which I abolish is that of the son of Rabi'a Ibnal-Harith, who was nursed among the tribe of Sa'd and killed by Hudhail. And the usury of pre-Islamic period is abolished, and the first of our usury I abolish is that of 'Abbas Ibn Abd Al-Muttalib, for it is all abolished. Fear Allah concerning women! Verily you have taken them on the security of Allah, and intercourse with them has been made lawful unto you by words of Allah. You too have right over them, and that they should not allow anyone to sit on your bed that you do not like. But if they do that, you can chastise them but not severely. Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner. I have left among you the Book of Allah, and if you hold fast to it, you would never go astray. And you would be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), (now tell me) what would you say? They (the audience) said: We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), discharged (the ministry of Prophethood) and given wise (sincere) counsel. He (the narrator) said: He (the Prophet) then raised his forefinger towards the sky and pointing it at the people (said):" O Allah, be witness. O Allah, be witness," saying it thrice.

(Bilal then) pronounced Adhan and later on Iqama and he (the Prophet) led Dhuhr prayer. He (Bilal) then uttered Iqama and he (the Prophet) led 'Asr prayer and observed no other prayer in between the two. The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) then mounted his camel and came to the place of stay, making his she-camel al-Qaswa', turn towards the side where there were rocks, having the path taken by those who went on foot in front of him, and faced the Qiblah. He kept standing there till the sun set, and the yellow light had somewhat gone, and the disc of the sun had disappeared. He made 'Usama sit behind him, and he pulled the nose-string of Qaswa so forcefully that its head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and he pointed out to the people with his right hand to be moderate (in speed), saying: O people, calm, calm. And whenever he happened to pass over an elevated tract of sand, he slightly loosened it (the nose-string of his camel) till it climbed up and this is how he reached Al-Muzdalifah. There he led Maghreb and 'Isha prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamas and did not invocate (Allah) in between them (i.e. he did not observe supererogatory Rak'as between Maghreb and 'Isha prayers).

The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) then lay down till dawn and offered Fajr prayer with an Adhan and Iqama when the morning light was clear. He again mounted Al-Qaswa', and when he came to Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram, he faced towards Qiblah, supplicated Him, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness (La ilaha illa Allah) and Oneness, and kept standing till the daylight was very clear. He then went quickly before the sun rose, and seated behind him was Al-Fadl Ibn Al-'Abbas and he was a man having beautiful hair and fair complexion and handsome face. As the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) was moving on, there was also going a group of women (side by side with them). Al-Fadl began to look at them. The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) placed his hand on the face of Al-Fadl who then turned his face to the other side, and began to see, and the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) turned his hand to the other side and placed it on the face of Al-Fadl. He again turned his face to the other side till he came to the bottom of Muhssir.

He urged it (Al-Qaswa') a little, and, following the middle road, which comes out at the greater Jamrah, he came to the Jamrah which is near the tree. At this, he threw seven small pebbles, saying Allahu Akbar while throwing every one of them in a manner in which the small pebbles are thrown (with the help of fingers) and this he did in the bottom of the valley. He then went to the place of sacrifice, and sacrificed sixty-three (camels) with his own hand. Then he gave the remaining number to Ali who sacrificed them, and he helped him in his sacrifice. He then commanded that a piece of meat from each animal sacrificed should be put in a pot, and when it was cooked, both of them (the Prophet and Ali) ate from the meat and drank its soup.

The Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) again rode and came to the House, and offered Dhuhr prayer at Mecca. He came to the tribe of Abd Al-Muttalib, who were supplying water at Zamzam, and said: Draw water. O Bani 'Abd Al-Muttalib; were it not that people would usurp this right of supplying water from you, I would have drawn it along with you. So they handed him a bucket and he drank from it.

Muslim reported in another narration that the Prophet said: "I have sacrificed (the animals) here, and the whole of Mina is a place for sacrifice; so sacrifice your animals at your places. 1 have stayed here (near these rocks), and the whole of Arafa is a place for stay. And I have stayed here (at Muzdalifah near Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram) and the whole of Muzdalifah is a place for stay (i. e. one is permitted to spend night in any part of it, as one likes)."

Muslim reported in another narration on the authority of Anas Ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) came to Mina; he went to the Jamrah and threw pebbles at it, after which he went to his lodging in Mina, and sacrificed the animal. He then called for a barber and, turning his right side to him, let him shave; after which he turned his left side. He then gave (these hair) to the people."

Muslim reported in another narration on the authority of Jabir that the Messenger of Allah (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) threw pebbles at Jamrah on the Day of Nahr after forenoon, and after that (i.e. on the 11th, 12th and 13th of Dhul-Hijja) when the sun had declined.

Muslim reported in another narration on the authority of Ibn Omar that Al-'Abbas Ibn Abd Al-Muttalib sought permission from Allah's Messenger (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) to spend in Mecca the nights (which be was required to spend) at Mina on account of his office of supplying water, and he (the Prophet) granted him permission.

Muslim reported in another narration on the authority of Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas that the people used to return through every path, whereupon Allah's Messenger (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "None amongst you should depart until he performs the last circumambulation round the House."

Lessons from this great Hadeeth:

This Hadeeth contains detailed description to the Hajj of the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him). It is great text for knowing the rites of Hajj, because it is the most detailed Hadeeth about the rites of Hajj. We will mention, by the will of Allah, some of the lessons of this Hadeeth in short and say:

1- The farewell Hajj was on the tenth year from Hijjrah.

2- Miqat of Medina people is Dhul-Hulaifa.

3- The menstruous woman and the woman who bleeds after giving birth should take bath and perform all rites of Hajj except circumambulating round the House.

4- It is advisable to wear Ihram after prayer, as the Prophet (prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) did.

5- Start Talbiyah after wearing Ihram; and it is desirable to start it after he settles on his means of transport.

6- Talbiyah is one of the rites of Hajj, and it is desirable to be the slogan of the Muslim person till reaching the House and starting circumambulation.

7- It is desirable for whoever enters the House in state of Ihram to touch it, if he can, provided not hurting anybody by tongue or hand.

8- The pilgrim who performs Tawaf Al-Qudum (arrival circumambulation) should make seven circuits running three of them and walking four.

9- After Tawaf, The pilgrim should pray two rakahs behind Maqam Ibrahim, or in any other place in the Sacred Masjid, and to recite in the first Rakah:{Say: (O Muhammad to these Mushrikûn and Kâfirûn): "O Al-Kafirûn (disbelievers in Allâh, in His Oneness, in His Angels, in His Books, in His Messengers, in the Day of Resurrection, and in Al-Qadar)!} [Al-Kafaafiron 109:1]

Transliteration: Qul ya ayyuha alkafiroona

and recite: {Say (O Muhammad): "He is Allâh, (the) One} in the second Rakah.} [Al-Ikhlas 112:1]

Transliteration: Qul huwa Allahu ahadun

10- Then, it is desirable for him to go to As-Safa and recites the saying of Allah Almighty: {Verily! As-Safa and Al-Marwah (two mountains in Makkah) are of the Symbols of Allah…} [Al-Baqarah 2:158]

Transliteration: Inna alssafa waalmarwata min shaAAairi Allahi

and then declares the Oneness of Allah and glorifies and praises Him, making supplication in the course of saying such words three times. He then descends and walks towards Al-Marwah, and when his feet comes down in the bottom of the valley (between the two signals) he runs, and when he begins to ascend he walks till he reaches Al-Marwah. There he does as he has done at As-Safa. He should perform seven laps; going is one, and returning is another.

11- The pilgrim who brought the sacrificial animal with him has to observe Qiran, whereas it is desirable for the pilgrim who did not bring it with him to observe Tamattu'.

12- It is desirable for the pilgrim to go on the day of Tarwiya (8th of Dhul-Hijja) to Mina and pray in it Dhuhr, Asr, Maghreb, Isha and Fajr prayers.

13- After the rise of the sun, the pilgrim should move from Mina to Arafat.

14- The pilgrim should pray Dhuhr and Asr combined and shortened at the time of Dhuhr, to be busy with supplication only.

15- On the day of 'Arafa, after sunset, the pilgrim goes to Muzdalifah and upon reaching it he prays Maghreb and 'Isha combined and shortened.

16- The pilgrim goes from Muzdalifah to Mina, before sun rises, and throws Jamrat Al-Aqabah (i.e. the greater Jamrah) with seven pebbles.

17- The pilgrim slaughters his sacrificial animal, if he is Mutamatti' or Qarin, after throwing Jamrat Al-Aqabah.

18- Then he shaves of shortens his hair.

19- The pilgrim stays in Mina the nights of the days of Tashriq (i.e. on the 11th, 12th and 13th of Dhul-Hijja).

20- The pilgrim throws the Jamrat at the days of Tashriq.

21- The pilgrim ends the rites of Hajj by performing the last circumambulation round the House (Tawaf Al-Wada').

22- It is clear from the long Hadeeth of Jabir that the rites of Hajj are:
A. Putting on Ihram (consecration)
B. Saying Talbiyah.
C. Performing circumambulation.
D. Performing Sa'i.
E. Shaving or shortening the hair
F. Stay at 'Arafa.
G. Spending night in Muzdalifah.
H. Spending nights in Mina
I. Throwing the pebbles.
J. Slaughtering the sacrificial animals.


Compiled by: Prof. Abdullah IbnMuhammad IbnAhmed At-Tayyar
Madar Al-Watan

Translated by wathakker.net

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